All of the other ideas in the text support and develop the thesis, so it’s really important to identify the thesis as you read. A thesis consists of a specific topic and a position statement on the topic. Find the stated or implied thesis statement, also referred to as the author’s central argument.When annotating an essay or nonfiction book, first look for these things: And even though a book is longer with more room to develop ideas, both books and essays share a similar structure that has an introduction, body, and conclusion. Essays and books are usually organized around a central idea or argument, known as a thesis statement. Reading (and writing!) essays is an essential part of your college experience. Every story has one or more themes that it develops, such as “human endeavor is ultimately futile” or “working class unity leads to successful resistance to oppression.” Themes: Themes are the major ideas expressed in a story.Recognizing which point of view is being used is another helpful tool in annotating. The Point of View: The point of view is the teller of the story.įigure 2.Identifying the 5 stages of a plot will help you as you annotate works of fiction. The Plot: Many stories follow a predictable plot formula, which involves first setting the stage, introducing a conflict that causes action leading up to a climax, then falling action and resolution.įigure 1. The setting may be current, historical, or invented. Setting: The setting is a place and time where the story unfolds.There may also be an antagonist, someone who is opposed to the main character. They may be the hero, or anti-hero, someone who is flawed but still fulfills the role of the hero. Characters: The protagonist is the main character and the focus of the story.When annotating a work of fiction, such as a novel or short story, look for key elements, such as: Review: Review your notes frequently-before class, after class, before an exam, etc.Reflect: Think deeply about the notes and try to make connections between what you already know and what you learned.Recite: Cover the detailed notes on the right side of the paper and ask yourself the questions from the left side, or use the keywords to see how much you can recite from the reading or notes.Question: write down questions or keywords on the left side of the paper that connect to the notes on the other side.Record: write down notes from the reading or lecture on the right side of the paper.In the left-side column, you add in questions and elaborate on the things you wrote on the other side. On the right-hand side, you write down notes as you listen or read. You begin by creating two columns on your paper-draw a vertical line about 1/3 of the way across a paper. Explain the historical context or traditions/social customs used in the passage.Ĭornell notes are often used during a lecture but can also be used while reading a text.Draw a picture when a visual connection is appropriate.Comment on things that intrigue, impress, surprise, disturb, etc.Comment on the actions or development of characters.Write questions that you might have for later discussion in class.Mark passages that you find confusing with question marks.Add examples from real life, other books, TV, movies, and so forth.Summarize important ideas in your own words.While annotating, look for opportunities to: As you annotate, you’ll also want to add keywords, phrases, or questions, and make connections to the content. Highlighting tells you that you thought something was important in the moment you read it, but when you go back later, you won’t know why you thought it was important. The simplest ways to annotate include marking up the text by highlighting, underlining, bracketing, or placing symbols in the text or the margins, but simply highlighting is insufficient. It can increase comprehension, help you remember what you’ve read, and save you time by not requiring you to re-read as often. To annotate is to actively engage a text by pausing to reflect, mark up, and add notes as you read. Explain strategies for annotating texts.
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